Tarihin marufi

Marufi na zamani Tsarin marufi na zamani yayi daidai da ƙarshen karni na 16 zuwa karni na 19. Tare da bullar masana'antu, tarin kayan masarufi ya sanya wasu ƙasashe masu tasowa cikin sauri su fara samar da masana'antar kayan tattara kayan injin. Dangane da kayan tattarawa da kwantena: an ƙirƙira takardar takin doki da tsarin samar da kwali a ƙarni na 18, kuma kwantenan takarda sun bayyana; a farkon karni na 19, an kirkiro hanyar adana abinci a cikin kwalabe da gwangwani na karfe, kuma an kirkiro masana'antar gwangwani abinci.

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Dangane da fasahar marufi: a tsakiyar karni na 16, an yi amfani da ƙwanƙolin conical a Turai don rufe bakin kwalbar. Alal misali, a cikin 1660s, lokacin da ruwan inabi mai kamshi ya fito, an yi amfani da kwalabe da kwalabe don rufe kwalbar. A shekara ta 1856, an ƙirƙiri hular dunƙule tare da kushin kwalaba, kuma an ƙirƙiri hular kambi mai hatimi da hatimi a cikin 1892, wanda ya sa fasahar rufewa ta fi sauƙi kuma mafi aminci. . A cikin aikace-aikacen alamun marufi na zamani: Kasashen yammacin Turai sun fara sanya lakabi a kan kwalabe na ruwan inabi a 1793. A cikin 1817, masana'antun harhada magunguna na Biritaniya sun ba da shawarar cewa marufi na abubuwa masu guba dole ne a buga alamun da ke da sauƙin ganewa.

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Marufi na zamani Tsarin marufi na zamani ya fara da gaske bayan shiga karni na 20. Tare da fadada tattalin arzikin kayyayaki a duniya da saurin bunkasuwar kimiyya da fasaha na zamani, ci gaban marufi ya kuma shiga wani sabon zamani.

Manyan abubuwan da suka bayyana sune kamar haka:

1. Sabbin kayan marufi, irin su bututun da ba za a iya cirewa ba, marufi da za a iya zubarwa, marufi da za a iya sake yin amfani da su da sauran kwantena da fasahohin marufi na ci gaba da fitowa;

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2. Diversification da aiki da kai na marufi kayan aiki;

3. Ƙarin ci gaba na marufi da fasaha na bugu;

4. Ƙarin ci gaba na gwajin marufi;

5. Zane-zanen marufi ya kara kimiyya da zamani.

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Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-03-2021