Keeb kwm ntawm kev ntim khoom

Niaj hnub nimno ntim khoom Niaj hnub nimno ntim tsim yog sib npaug rau lub xyoo pua 16th mus rau 19th caug xyoo. Nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm industrialization, ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom ntim tau ua rau ib co ceev-tsim lub teb chaws pib tsim ib tug kev lag luam ntawm lub tshuab tsim cov khoom ntim. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm ntim cov ntaub ntawv thiab ntim: nees dung ntawv thiab cardboard ntau lawm txheej txheem yog invented nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 18th, thiab cov ntawv ntim tau tshwm sim; nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 19th caug xyoo, txoj kev khaws cia zaub mov nyob rau hauv iav fwj thiab hlau cov kaus poom tau tsim, thiab cov zaub mov kaus poom kev lag luam tau invented.

Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm ntim tshuab: nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th, conical corks tau dav siv nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe los kaw lub raj mis lub qhov ncauj. Piv txwv li, nyob rau xyoo 1660, thaum cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo tawm, lub raj mis thiab cork tau siv los kaw lub raj mis. Los ntawm 1856, lub hau ntswj nrog cork ncoo tau tsim, thiab lub kaus mom thiab lub hau kaw tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1892, ua rau lub tshuab sealing yooj yim thiab txhim khu kev qha. . Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov ntawm cov niaj hnub ntim cov paib: Western European lub teb chaws pib muab cov ntawv lo rau ntawm lub raj mis cawv nyob rau hauv 1793. Nyob rau hauv 1817, lub British kws tshuaj kev lag luam tau teev tseg hais tias lub ntim ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg yuav tsum muaj cov ntawv luam tawm uas yooj yim los txheeb xyuas.

Niaj hnub nimno ntim khoom Niaj hnub nimno ntim tsim tseem ceeb pib tom qab nkag mus rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th. Nrog rau kev nthuav dav thoob ntiaj teb ntawm cov khoom lag luam kev lag luam thiab kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub thiab thev naus laus zis, kev tsim cov ntim khoom kuj tau nkag mus rau lub sijhawm tshiab.

Lub ntsiab manifestations yog raws li nram no:

1. Cov khoom ntim tshiab, xws li ntim biodegradable, ntim khoom pov tseg, ntim rov ua dua tshiab thiab lwm yam ntim thiab ntim tshuab txuas ntxiv;

2. Diversification thiab automation ntawm ntim machinery;

3. Kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm kev ntim khoom thiab tshuab luam ntawv;

4. Kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm kev sim ntim khoom;

5. Lub ntim tsim yog ntxiv scientific thiab modernized.