Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm cov hnab ntim khoom degradable thiab cov hnab ntim khoom degradable?

Ntau tus phooj ywg nug seb qhov txawv ntawm cov hnab ntim khoom degradable thiab cov hnab ntim degradable tag nrho yog dab tsi? Puas yog nws tsis zoo ib yam li lub hnab ntim khoom degradable? Qhov ntawd tsis yog lawm, muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hnab ntim khoom degradable thiab cov hnab ntim degradable tag nrho.

Lub hnab ntim khoom degradable, qhov cuam tshuam yog tias lawv tuaj yeem degraded, tab sis cov hnab ntim khoom degradable tau muab faib ua "degradable" thiab "degradable tag nrho". Qhov txawv yog dab tsi? Txuas ntxiv nyeem cov kev paub me me muab los ntawm Anrui.

Cov hnab ntim khoom degradable xa mus rau kev ntxiv qee cov khoom ntxiv (xws li cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, hloov cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab lossis lwm yam cellulose, photosensitizers, biodegradants, thiab lwm yam) Cov hnab yas degradable.

Lub hnab ntim ntim tau yooj yim txhais tau hais tias lub hnab ntim cov hnab yas yog degraded tag nrho rau hauv dej thiab carbon dioxide. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv degradable no yog ua tiav los ntawm pob kws, cassava, thiab lwm yam rau hauv lactic acid, uas yog PLA. Polylactic acid (PLA) yog ib hom tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv roj ntsha thiab cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab biodegradable. Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab raw khoom yog saccharified kom tau cov piam thaj, thiab tom qab ntawd fermented los ntawm cov piam thaj thiab qee hom los tsim cov lactic acid siab, uas yog tom qab ntawd los ntawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj synthesis. molecular hnyav polylactic acid. Nws muaj biodegradability zoo, thiab tuaj yeem degraded tag nrho los ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov xwm txheej hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb tom qab siv, nws thiaj li tsim cov pa roj carbon dioxide thiab dej, tsis muaj kuab paug rau ib puag ncig, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab yog cov khoom siv zoo rau cov neeg ua haujlwm. Tam sim no, cov khoom siv bio-based tseem ceeb ntawm lub hnab ntim khoom degradable yog tsim los ntawm PLA + PBAT, uas tuaj yeem decomposed tag nrho rau hauv dej thiab carbon dioxide nyob rau hauv 3-6 lub hlis nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm composting (60-70 degrees), tsis muaj. ua paug rau ib puag ncig.

Vim li cas thiaj yuav tsum tau ntxiv PBAT? Anrui kuaj chemical engineer pab tus editor los txhais nws. PBAT yog copolymer ntawm adipic acid, 1,4-butanediol thiab terephthalic acid. Nws yog ib qho tshuaj synthesis uas tuaj yeem ua tiav biodegraded. Lub aliphatic-aromatic polymer ntawm PBAT muaj qhov yooj yim heev thiab tuaj yeem siv rau cov yeeb yaj kiab extrusion, tshuab moulding, extrusion txheej thiab lwm yam txheej txheem molding. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sib xyaw PLA thiab PBAT yog txhawm rau txhim kho toughness, biodegradation thiab molding processability ntawm PLA. PLA thiab PBAT yog qhov tsis sib xws, yog li xaiv tus neeg sib tw tsim nyog tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm PLA.

Saib ntawm no kom nkag siab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hnab ntim khoom degradable thiab cov hnab ntim khoom degradable.

Lub hnab ntim khoom degradable, qhov cuam tshuam yog tias lawv tuaj yeem degraded, tab sis cov hnab ntim khoom degradable tau muab faib ua "degradable" thiab "degradable tag nrho". Cov hnab ntim khoom degradable xa mus rau kev ntxiv qee cov khoom ntxiv (xws li cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, hloov cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab lossis lwm yam cellulose, photosensitizers, biodegradants, thiab lwm yam) Cov hnab yas degradable. Lub hnab ntim khoom degradable txhais tau hais tias lub hnab ntim cov hnab yas yog degraded tag nrho rau hauv dej thiab carbon dioxide. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv degradable no yog ua tiav los ntawm pob kws, cassava, thiab lwm yam rau hauv lactic acid, uas yog PLA.

Polylactic acid (PLA) yog ib hom tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv roj ntsha thiab cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab biodegradable. Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab raw khoom yog saccharified kom tau cov piam thaj, thiab tom qab ntawd fermented los ntawm cov piam thaj thiab qee hom los tsim cov lactic acid siab, uas yog tom qab ntawd los ntawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj synthesis. molecular hnyav polylactic acid. Nws muaj biodegradability zoo, thiab tuaj yeem degraded tag nrho los ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov xwm txheej hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb tom qab siv, nws thiaj li tsim cov pa roj carbon dioxide thiab dej, tsis muaj kuab paug rau ib puag ncig, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab yog cov khoom siv zoo rau cov neeg ua haujlwm.

Tam sim no, cov khoom siv bio-based tseem ceeb ntawm lub hnab ntim khoom degradable yog tsim los ntawm PLA + PBAT, uas tuaj yeem decomposed tag nrho rau hauv dej thiab carbon dioxide nyob rau hauv 3-6 lub hlis nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm composting (60-70 degrees), tsis muaj. ua paug rau ib puag ncig. Vim li cas thiaj yuav tsum tau ntxiv PBAT? Cov kws tshaj lij kev lag luam ntim khoom lag luam nyob ntawm no los piav qhia tias PBAT yog cov khoom siv copolymer ntawm adipic acid, 1,4-butanediol, thiab terephthalic acid, uas yog cov roj hluavtaws uas tuaj yeem ua tiav biodegradable. Aromatic-aromatic polymer, PBAT muaj qhov ua tau zoo heev thiab tuaj yeem siv rau cov yeeb yaj kiab extrusion, tshuab moulding, extrusion txheej thiab lwm yam txheej txheem molding. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sib xyaw PLA thiab PBAT yog txhawm rau txhim kho toughness, biodegradation thiab molding processability ntawm PLA. PLA thiab PBAT yog qhov tsis sib xws, yog li xaiv tus neeg sib tw tsim nyog tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm PLA.