Anzanu ambiri amafunsa kuti pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa matumba opakira owonongeka ndi matumba oyika zinthu osawonongeka? Kodi sichofanana ndi chikwama chopakira chowonongeka? Ndiko kulakwa, pali kusiyana pakati pa matumba oyikamo owonongeka ndi matumba oyikamo owonongeka.
Matumba oyikapo owonongeka, tanthauzo lake ndikuti amatha kunyonyotsoka, koma matumba opaka owonongeka amagawidwa kukhala "owonongeka" komanso "owonongeka kwathunthu". Kodi pali kusiyana kotani? Pitirizani kuwerenga chidziwitso chochepa choperekedwa ndi Anrui.
Matumba opakira owonongeka amatanthawuza kuwonjezera zina zowonjezera (monga starch, modified starch kapena cellulose ina, photosensitizers, biodegradants, etc.) Matumba apulasitiki owonongeka.
Thumba loyikamo lomwe limawonongeka kwambiri limatanthawuza kuti thumba la pulasitiki lawonongeka kukhala madzi ndi mpweya woipa. Gwero lalikulu la zinthu zosawonongeka izi zimakonzedwa kuchokera ku chimanga, chinangwa, ndi zina zotere kukhala lactic acid, yomwe ndi PLA. Polylactic acid (PLA) ndi mtundu watsopano wa gawo lapansi lachilengedwe komanso zinthu zowonjezedwanso. Wowuma zopangira zake zimasanjidwa kuti zipeze shuga, kenako zofufumitsa kuchokera ku shuga ndi mitundu ina kuti ipange lactic acid yoyera kwambiri, yomwe imapangidwa ndi njira zopangira mankhwala. molekyulu ya polylactic acid. Lili ndi biodegradability wabwino, ndipo akhoza kuonongeka kotheratu ndi tizilombo m'chilengedwe pansi pa mikhalidwe yeniyeni pambuyo ntchito, potsirizira pake kutulutsa mpweya woipa ndi madzi, popanda kuipitsa chilengedwe, amene ali opindulitsa kwambiri kuteteza chilengedwe ndi zinthu zachilengedwe wochezeka kwa ogwira ntchito. Pakali pano, zazikulu zamoyo ofotokoza za thumba kwathunthu degradable ma CD wapangidwa ndi PLA + PBAT, amene akhoza kuwonongeka kwathunthu mu madzi ndi mpweya woipa mu 3-6 miyezi pansi pa chikhalidwe cha composting (60-70 madigiri), popanda kuwononga chilengedwe.
Chifukwa chiyani PBAT iyenera kuwonjezeredwa? Anrui kuyesa mankhwala injiniya anathandiza mkonzi kutanthauzira izo. PBAT ndi copolymer wa adipic acid, 1,4-butanediol ndi terephthalic acid. Ndi kaphatikizidwe ka mankhwala komwe kumatha kusinthidwa kukhala biodegraded. The aliphatic-onunkhira polima wa PBAT ali kusinthasintha kwambiri ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito filimu extrusion, kuwomba akamaumba, extrusion ❖ kuyanika ndi akamaumba njira zina. Cholinga chophatikiza PLA ndi PBAT ndikuwongolera kulimba, kuwonongeka kwachilengedwe komanso kusinthika kwa PLA. PLA ndi PBAT ndizosagwirizana, kotero kusankha cholumikizira choyenera kumatha kusintha kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a PLA.
Onani apa kuti mumvetse kusiyana pakati pa matumba olongedza owonongeka ndi matumba oyikamo osawonongeka.
Matumba oyikapo owonongeka, tanthauzo lake ndikuti amatha kunyonyotsoka, koma matumba opaka owonongeka amagawidwa kukhala "owonongeka" komanso "owonongeka kwathunthu". Matumba opakira owonongeka amatanthawuza kuwonjezera zina zowonjezera (monga starch, modified starch kapena cellulose ina, photosensitizers, biodegradants, etc.) Matumba apulasitiki owonongeka. Thumba loyikamo lomwe limawonongeka kwambiri limatanthawuza kuti thumba la pulasitiki lawonongeka kukhala madzi ndi mpweya woipa. Gwero lalikulu la zinthu zosawonongeka izi zimakonzedwa kuchokera ku chimanga, chinangwa, ndi zina zotere kukhala lactic acid, yomwe ndi PLA.
Polylactic acid (PLA) ndi mtundu watsopano wa gawo lapansi lachilengedwe komanso zinthu zowonjezedwanso. Wowuma zopangira zake zimasanjidwa kuti zipeze shuga, kenako zofufumitsa kuchokera ku shuga ndi mitundu ina kuti ipange lactic acid yoyera kwambiri, yomwe imapangidwa ndi njira zopangira mankhwala. molekyulu ya polylactic acid. Lili ndi biodegradability wabwino, ndipo akhoza kuonongeka kotheratu ndi tizilombo m'chilengedwe pansi pa mikhalidwe yeniyeni pambuyo ntchito, potsirizira pake kutulutsa mpweya woipa ndi madzi, popanda kuipitsa chilengedwe, amene ali opindulitsa kwambiri kuteteza chilengedwe ndi zinthu zachilengedwe wochezeka kwa ogwira ntchito.
Pakali pano, zazikulu zamoyo ofotokoza za thumba kwathunthu degradable ma CD wapangidwa ndi PLA + PBAT, amene akhoza kuwonongeka kwathunthu mu madzi ndi mpweya woipa mu 3-6 miyezi pansi pa chikhalidwe cha composting (60-70 madigiri), popanda kuwononga chilengedwe. Chifukwa chiyani PBAT iyenera kuwonjezeredwa? Akatswiri opanga ma phukusi osinthika ali pano kuti afotokoze kuti PBAT ndi copolymer ya adipic acid, 1,4-butanediol, ndi terephthalic acid, yomwe ndi mafuta opangidwa ndi mankhwala omwe amatha kuwonongeka kwathunthu. Polima onunkhira-onunkhira, PBAT ali kusinthasintha kwambiri ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito filimu extrusion, kuwomba akamaumba, extrusion ❖ kuyanika ndi akamaumba njira zina. Cholinga chophatikiza PLA ndi PBAT ndikuwongolera kulimba, kuwonongeka kwachilengedwe komanso kusinthika kwa PLA. PLA ndi PBAT ndizosagwirizana, kotero kusankha cholumikizira choyenera kumatha kusintha kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a PLA.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-28-2022