Chifukwa chiyani PLA ndi PBAT ndizofala pakati pa zinthu zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka?

Chiyambireni pulasitiki, yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mbali zonse za moyo wa anthu, zomwe zikubweretsa kumasuka kwa anthu kupanga ndi moyo. Komabe, ngakhale kuti ndi yabwino, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake ndi kuwononga kumabweretsanso kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe, kuphatikizapo kuipitsa koyera monga mitsinje, minda, ndi nyanja.

Polyethylene (PE) ndi pulasitiki yachikhalidwe yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso njira yayikulu yosinthira zinthu zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka.

PE ili ndi crystallinity yabwino, zotchinga mpweya wa madzi komanso kukana kwa nyengo, ndipo zinthu izi zitha kutchedwa "makhalidwe a PE".

M'kati pofuna kuthetsa "kuipitsa pulasitiki" kuchokera muzu, kuwonjezera pa kupeza zatsopano zachilengedwe wochezeka zipangizo zina, njira yofunika kwambiri ndi kupeza chilengedwe mu zipangizo zilipo kuti akhoza kuonongeka ndi chilengedwe ndi kukhala gawo. wa kupanga mkombero Zipangizo Friendly, amene osati amapulumutsa anthu ambiri ndi ndalama zakuthupi, komanso kuthetsa vuto lalikulu panopa kuipitsa chilengedwe mu nthawi yochepa.

Zomwe zimapangidwira zowonongeka zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yosungiramo, ndipo zitatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, zimatha kusinthidwa kukhala zinthu zomwe zilibe vuto kwa chilengedwe mwachilengedwe.

Zida zosiyanasiyana zowola zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ndipo zimakhala ndi zabwino komanso zovuta zake. Pakati pawo, PLA ndi PBAT ali ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa mafakitale, ndipo mphamvu zawo zopanga zimakhala ndi malo ofunika kwambiri pamsika. Pansi pa kukwezedwa kwa lamulo loletsa pulasitiki, makampani opanga zinthu zowola ndi otentha kwambiri, ndipo makampani akuluakulu apulasitiki awonjezera kupanga kwawo. Pakadali pano, mphamvu yapachaka yopanga ya PLA ndi yoposa matani 400,000, ndipo ikuyembekezeka kupitilira matani 3 miliyoni pazaka zitatu zikubwerazi. Kufikira kumlingo wina, izi zikuwonetsa kuti zida za PLA ndi PBAT ndizinthu zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka ndipo zimadziwika kwambiri pamsika.

PBS muzinthu zowola ndi zinthu zodziwika bwino, zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, komanso ukadaulo wokhwima.

Kuthekera komwe kulipo komanso kuwonjezereka kwamtsogolo kwa zinthu zomwe zingawonongeke monga PHA, PPC, PGA, PCL, ndi zina zotero zidzakhala zazing'ono, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale. Chifukwa chachikulu ndi chakuti zinthu zowonongeka zowonongekazi zidakali pachiyambi, luso lamakono ndi losakhwima ndipo mtengo wake ndi wokwera kwambiri, kotero kuti digiri yozindikiritsa sipamwamba, ndipo panopa sangathe kupikisana ndi PLA ndi PBAT.

Zida zosiyanasiyana zowola zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ndipo zimakhala ndi zabwino komanso zovuta zake. Ngakhale zilibe "makhalidwe a PE", kwenikweni, zida zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka ndi aliphatic polyesters, monga PLA ndi PBS, zomwe zimakhala ndi esters. Bonded PE, chomangira cha ester mu unyolo wa mamolekyulu ake chimapatsa biodegradability, ndipo unyolo wa aliphatic umapatsa "makhalidwe a PE".

Malo osungunuka ndi makina amakina, kukana kutentha, kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka, ndi mtengo wa PBAT ndi PBS zitha kuphimba kugwiritsa ntchito PE mumakampani otayika.

Mlingo wakukula kwamakampani a PLA ndi PBAT ndiwokwera kwambiri, komanso ndi njira yachitukuko champhamvu m'dziko langa. PLA ndi PBAT ali ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana. PLA ndi pulasitiki yolimba, ndipo PBAT ndi pulasitiki yofewa. PLA yokhala ndi filimu yowombedwa bwino nthawi zambiri imakhala yosakanikirana ndi PBAT yokhala ndi kulimba mtima, komwe kungapangitse kusinthika kwa filimu yowombedwa popanda kuwononga chilengedwe chake. kunyozeka. Chifukwa chake, sizokokomeza kunena kuti PLA ndi PBAT zakhala gawo lalikulu lazinthu zowonongeka.