Kune marudzi akawanda emabhegi epurasitiki, akadai se polyethylene, iyo inonzi zvakare PE, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-mi-degree polyethylene (LDPE), iyo inowanzoshandiswa zvinhu zvepurasitiki. Apo aya mabhegi epurasitiki akarovedzeka akasawedzerwa nezvinoshatisa, zvinotora mazana amakore kushatisa, izvo zvinounza kushatisa kusingafungidziriki kuzvinhu zvipenyu zvapasi nemhoteredzo.
Kunewo mamwe mabhegi asina kukwana asina kukwana, akadai se photodegradation, oxidative degradation, dombo-plastic degradation, nezvimwewo, apo zvinosvibisa kana calcium carbonate zvinowedzerwa kune polyethylene. Muviri wemunhu wakatoipa.
Kune zvakare mamwe mabhegi emasitashi emanyepo, ayo anodhura zvishoma pane zvakajairika mapurasitiki, asi anonziwo "anoora". Muchidimbu, zvisinei kuti mugadziri anowedzera kuPE, ichiri polyethylene. Ehe, semutengi, ungasakwanisa kuzviona zvese.
Nzira yakapusa yekuenzanisa ndiyo mutengo weyuniti. Mutengo wemasaga emarara asina kuparara unongokwira zvishoma pane weakajairika. Mutengo wemasaga emarara chaiwo anoodza wakapetwa kaviri kana katatu pane weakajairika. Kana ukasangana neRudzi rwe "degradable bhegi" rine mutengo wakaderera weyuniti, usafunge kuti yakachipa kutora, inogona kunge iri bhegi risina kuderedzwa zvachose.
Funga nezvazvo, kana mabhegi ane mutengo wakaderera weyuniti anogona kudzikisira, nei masayendisiti achiri kudzidza iwo epamusoro-anodhura zvizere biodegradable epurasitiki mabhegi? Mabhegi emarara anoumba chikamu chikuru chepurasitiki yekurongedza, uye iyi yakajairika marara epurasitiki uye anonzi "anoora" masaga emarara haatomboparara.
Muchirevo chekugadzirwa kwepurasitiki, mabhizimisi akawanda anoshandisa shoko rokuti "kuparara" kutengesa nhamba huru yemabhegi epurasitiki asingasviki pasi pechikwangwani che "kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza" uye "kuora"; uye vatengi havanzwisisiwo, zviri nyore Zvinotendwa kuti iyo inonzi "yakasvibiswa" ndeye "full degradation", kuitira kuti iyi "microplastic" inogona zvakare kuva marara anokuvadza mhuka nevanhu.
Kuti ikurumbire, mapurasitiki anoparara anogona kukamurwa kuita petrochemical-based degradable plastics uye bio-based inoshatisa mapurasitiki zvinoenderana nekwakabva zvigadzirwa.
Zvinoenderana neiyo nzira yekusvibisa, inogona kukamurwa kuita photodegradation, thermo-oxidative degradation uye biodegradation.
Photodegradable mapurasitiki: Chiedza mamiriro anodiwa. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, mapurasitiki anoomeswa haagone kuderedzwa zvizere kana muhurongwa hwekurasa marara kana munzvimbo yechisikigo nekuda kwemamiriro aripo.
Thermo-oxidative mapurasitiki: Mapurasitiki anoputsika pasi pechiito chekupisa kana oxidation kwenguva yakareba zvichikonzera shanduko muchimiro chemakemikari yezvinhu. Pamusana pemamiriro ezvinhu aripo, zvakaoma kuderedza zvachose muzviitiko zvakawanda.
Biodegradable plastics: chirimwa-chakavakirwa senge sitachi mashanga kana mbishi zvinhu zvakaita sePLA + PBAT, biodegradable mapurasitiki anogona kusanganiswa nemarara gasi, semarara emukicheni, uye anogona kuderedzwa kuita mvura uye kabhoni dhaibhoni. Bio-based mapurasitiki anogonawo kuderedza carbon dioxide emissions. Kuenzaniswa nemapurasitiki akajairwa, bio-based plastics inogona kuderedza kushandiswa kweoiri ne30% kusvika 50%.
Hwisisa mutsauko uripo pakati pekuora uye kushatisa zvizere, unoda here kushandisa mari pamasaga emarara akazara?
Kune isu pachedu, kuvazukuru vedu, kune zvisikwa zviri pasi pano, uye kune nzvimbo yekugara iri nani, tinofanira kuva nechiratidzo chenguva refu.
Nguva yekutumira: Feb-14-2022