Imbali yokupakishwa

Ukupakishwa kwale mihla Uyilo lokupakisha lwangoku lulingana nokuphela kwenkulungwane ye-16 ukuya kwinkulungwane ye-19. Ngokuvela kweshishini, inani elikhulu lokupakishwa kwempahla lenze ukuba amanye amazwe aphuhla ngokukhawuleza aqale ukwenza ishishini lemveliso yokupakisha eyenziwe ngomatshini. Ngokwezinto zokupakisha kunye nezikhongozeli: iphepha lobulongwe behashe kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa amakhadibhodi yaqanjwa ngenkulungwane ye-18, kwaye kwavela izitya zephepha; ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, kwasungulwa indlela yokugcina ukutya kwiibhotile zeglasi kunye neetoti zetsimbi, kwaye kwaqanjwa ishishini lokunkonkxa.

Ngokubhekiselele kwitekhnoloji yokupakisha: phakathi kwenkulungwane ye-16, ii-conical corks zazisetyenziswa kakhulu eYurophu ukutywina umlomo webhotile. Ngokomzekelo, kwi-1660s, xa iwayini elimnandi liphuma, i-bottleneck kunye ne-cork yayisetyenziselwa ukutywina ibhotile. Ngo-1856, i-screw cap ene-cork pad yaqanjwa, kwaye i-cap yesithsaba egxininisiweyo yaza yatywinwa yasungulwa ngo-1892, yenza iteknoloji yokutywina ibe lula kwaye ithembeke ngakumbi. . Ekusetyenzisweni kweempawu zokupakisha zale mihla: Amazwe aseNtshona Yurophu aqalisa ukubeka iileyibhile kwiibhotile zewayini ngowe-1793. Ngowe-1817, ishishini lamayeza laseBritani lamisela ukuba ukupakishwa kwezinto eziyityhefu kumele kube nemibhalo ebhaliweyo ekulula ukuyibona.

Ukupakishwa kwale mihla Uyilo lokupakisha lwangoku luqale emva kokungena kwinkulungwane yama-20. Ngokukhula kwehlabathi jikelele kuqoqosho lwemveliso kunye nophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwenzululwazi yale mihla nobuchwepheshe, uphuhliso lokupakishwa nalo lungene kwixesha elitsha.

Iimpawu eziphambili zezi zilandelayo:

1. Izinto ezintsha zokupakisha, ezifana nokupakishwa kwe-biodegradable, ukupakishwa okulahlwayo, ukupakishwa okunokuphinda kusetyenziswe kunye nezinye izikhongozeli kunye nobuchwepheshe bokupakisha buyaqhubeka ukuvela;

2. Ukwahluka kunye nokuzenzekela koomatshini bokupakisha;

3. Uphuhliso oluthe kratya lweteknoloji yokupakisha nokushicilela;

4. Uphuhliso olongezelelweyo lovavanyo lokupakisha;

5. Uyilo lokupakisha luqhubela phambili ngokwenzululwazi kwaye lwenziwe lwala maxesha.