Msgstr "Iplasitiki ehlehliweyo" sisisombululo esibalulekileyo sokulawula ungcoliseko lweplastiki.
Ukusetyenziswa kweeplasitiki ezingenamsebenzi akuvumelekanga. Yintoni enokusetyenziswa? Ungawunciphisa njani ungcoliseko lweplastiki? Vumela iplagi yeplastiki? Yenza into enobuhlobo kwindalo. Kodwa, ingaba iiplasitiki ezinokutsha zinokunciphisa ukungcoliseka kweplastiki? Ukuba ezinye izongeziweyo zongezwa kwiplastiki ukuze ikwazi ukuyenza idyakelo, kwaye isekwe kwiplastiki, ngaba kukungcoliseka kwezendalo - ngaphandle kokusingqongileyo? Abantu abaninzi bayathandabuza. Abanye abantu bade bacinge ukuba le ngumjikelo nje omtsha we-carnival. Ke ngoko, zininzi iiplasitiki ezinobunzima obungalinganiyo kunye neendleko zentengiso. Ngaba le yinto elungileyo okanye into embi? Ngaba iya kuzisa uxinzelelo lwendalo esingqongileyo?
Okokuqala, masibe senze iplasitiki. Iiplasitiki ezisebenzayo zahlulahlulwe zaba zeplastiki ze-biodegraphic, i-thermal oxidation yonakalisa iplasitiki, iplasitiki yefoto kunye neplasitiki. Zonke "ziyadideka", kodwa iindleko zeplasitiki ye-axidages kunye neplastiki ezinokutsha kunye neeplasitiki ngamaxesha amaninzi zahlukile kwi-bisticy ye-biodegrady kunye neplasitiki ezisebenzayo. Iiplasitiki zeoksijini zeoksijini kunye neplasitiki ezinokutsha kwezesidiliya kwaye i-Demicking eDekiweyo zithi "inyamalala" emhlabeni kuphela emva kokuba ityhilwe kubushushu okanye ukukhanya kangangexesha elithile. Kodwa le yindleko ephantsi kwaye "kulula ukunyamalala" impahla ebizwa ngokuba yi "PM2.5 yeShishini lePlastiki." Kuba ezi teknoloji zimbini zobuqhetseba zinokuphelisa iipleyiti zibe ngamasuntswana amancinci angabonakaliyo, kodwa azinakwenza zinyamalala. La masuntswana abonakali emoyeni, umhlaba kunye namanzi ngenxa yeempawu zabo ezincinci nezikhanyayo. Z ekugqibeleni ekugqibeleni ufikelwa zizinto eziphilayo.
Kwangoko ngoJuni ka-2019, eYurophu wakuvala ukusetyenziswa kweemveliso ezilahliweyo ezenziwe ngeplasitiki enokuthathwa kwe-oxicals, kwaye i-Australia iya kukhupha iplastiki ezinjalo ngo-2022.
E China apho "umkhuhlane wezinto ezihlaselayo" uvele nje, "ngolu hlobo usatsalela inani elikhulu labathengi abafuna ukuthenga" iingxowa zeplastiki ezinokude "ngeendleko eziphantsi kodwa aziyazi imfihlakalo. I-"20 yokuthintelwa kweplasitiki "ikhutshwe ngo-2020 ukuthintela ukusetyenziswa kweengxowa zeplastiki ezingenamsebenzi" kwaye ayichazi ukuba zeziphi iingxowa zeplastiki ezinokusetyenziswa. Ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu zeplasitiki ezinokutsha kwe-biodegraphic, i-thermida ye-oxmave of Plagraphid, iPlayDodics enabasebenzi, okanye iPlastid esekwe kwi-bio-okanye i-Bio-I-Biobrid ye-HARTRID ikwazikhethela ezilungileyo kwiindawo ezingafunekiyo kwiPlastikis ezinokubakho kwi-biodegrady. Nangona le playplast ayinakuchithwa ngokupheleleyo, ubuncinci inxenye ye-PE ilahlekile.
Nangona kunjalo, kwimarike yesiphithiphithi, kusoloko kunzima kubathengi ukuba bachonge udidi lweeplasitiki ezihlekisayo. Ngapha koko, uninzi lwamashishini akalazi umahluko phakathi kweeplasitiki ezinokutsha kakhulu kunye neplasitiki ye-oxiday ehlaselweyo, iplasitiki ekhanyayo kunye ne-biobrid ye-bio-esekwe kwi-bio-esekwe kwi-bitride. Bahlala bekhetha indawo ebiza ixabiso eliphantsi, becinga ukuba iyadilika ngokupheleleyo. Kungenxa yoko le nto abathengi abaninzi besithi: "Kutheni le nto ixabiso lakho lamaxesha aliqela libiza kakhulu kunabanye? Njengomvelisi, akunakwenzeka ukuba ulahlekise abathengi ngokufaka iilebheli iisampuli nge 'kubizelwe' kwiimveliso ezinjalo.
Iplasitiki efanelekileyo ekhathazayo kufuneka ibe yinto "yezinto ezinokusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo." Okwangoku, eyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu yi-biodegraphid i-polylactic acid (i-PLA), eyenziwe ngee-bimatos ezifana nesitatshi kunye nengqolowa. Ngeenkqubo ezinje ngomhlaba wokungcwatywa, umgquba, ukonakaliswa kwamanzi amatsha, kunye nokonakaliswa kolwandle, ezi zinto zinokuncitshiswa ngokupheleleyo kwamanzi kunye ne-carbon diokganis yi-microorganism ngaphandle kwe-microorganism ngaphandle kwe-microorganis.
Kwizixeko apho "umsebenzi weplastiki" sele uphunyeziwe, sinokubona iingxowa zeplastiki ezinokufikelelwa. Ezantsi kwe-IT, ungayibona imiqondiso ye "PBAT + pla" kunye "JJ" okanye "iimbotyi". Okwangoku, kuphela olu hlobo lwezinto ezinokuhlanganisana ezihlangabezana nomgangatho yeyona nto inqabileyo engenamsebenzi engenafuthe kwindalo esingqongileyo.
Ukupakishwa kwe-Dingli kuvula uhambo oluluhlaza oluluhlaza!
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UJan-07-2022