Namuhla, ake sikhulume ngotshani obuhlobene kakhulu nempilo yethu. Utshani bubuye busetshenziswe kakhulu embonini yokudla.
Idatha eku-inthanethi ikhombisa ukuthi ngonyaka ka-2019, ukusetshenziswa kwezitsha zepulasitiki kudlule izigidigidi ezingama-46, ukusetshenziswa komuntu ngamunye kudlule ama-30, kanti ukusetshenziswa okuphelele bekungamathani angama-50,000 kuye kwayi-100,000. Lezi zinhlanga zepulasitiki zendabuko aziboli, ngoba zisetshenziswa kanye, zingalahlwa ngokuqondile ngemva kokusetshenziswa. konke kuthinta.
Utshani bubalulekile ekuphekweni, ngaphandle uma abantu beshintsha indlela yabo yokuphila, njengokuthi: ukushintsha indlela yokuphuza amanzi ibe amanzi okuphuza ngaphandle kotshani; ukusebenzisa ama-non-straw njengama-nozzles okumunca, okubonakala kubiza kakhulu; nokusebenzisa utshani obusebenziseka kabusha , njengotshani bensimbi engagqwali nezingilazi, kubonakala kungafaneleki kangako. Khona-ke, indlela yamanje engcono kungase kube ukusebenzisa izitshani ezingaboli ngokugcwele, njengezitsha zepulasitiki ezibolayo, izitsha zephepha, izitsha zesitashi, njll.
Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, kusukela ekupheleni kuka-2020, imboni yezokupheka yezwe lami ivimbele ukusetshenziswa kwezitshani zepulasitiki futhi yafaka izitshani ezingaboliyo esikhundleni sazo. Ngakho-ke, izinto zokusetshenziswa zamanje zokukhiqiza utshani ziyizinto ze-polymer, okuyizinto eziwohlokayo.
I-PLA yezinto ezonakaliswayo yokwenza utshani inenzuzo yokuthi yonakale ngokuphelele. I-PLA inokubola okuhle kwe-biodegradability, futhi yehlisa isithunzi ukuze ikhiqize i-CO2 ne-H2O, engangcolisi imvelo futhi engakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokwenziwa komquba wezimboni. Inqubo yokukhiqiza ilula futhi umjikelezo wokukhiqiza mfushane. Utshani obukhishwe ekushiseni okuphezulu bunokuqina okuhle kokushisa nokumelana ne-solvent. Ukucwebezela, ukucaca kanye nokuzwakala komkhiqizo kungathatha indawo yemikhiqizo eyenziwe nge-petroleum, futhi zonke izinkomba ezibonakalayo namakhemikhali omkhiqizo zingahlangabezana nezidingo zemithetho yokudla yendawo. Ngakho-ke, isetshenziswa kabanzi futhi ingahlangabezana nezidingo zeziphuzo eziningi emakethe yamanje.
Ama-PLA straws anokumelana okuhle nomswakama kanye nokucinana komoya, futhi azinzile ekamelweni lokushisa, kodwa azokwehliswa ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho izinga lokushisa lingaphezu kuka-45 °C noma ngaphansi kwesenzo sokunothisa komoyampilo kanye nama-microorganisms. Ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ekushiseni ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcinwa komkhiqizo. Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lesikhathi eside lingabangela ukuwohloka kotshani be-PLA.
Kukhona notshani obujwayelekile bephepha esinalo. Utshani bephepha lwenziwe ikakhulukazi ngephepha le-pulp lezinkuni elingavumelani nemvelo. Enqubweni yokubumba, kuyadingeka ukunaka izici ezifana nesivinini somshini kanye nenani leglue. , futhi ulungise ububanzi botshani ngosayizi we-mandrel. Yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza utshani bephepha ilula futhi kulula ukuyikhiqiza ngobuningi.
Nokho, izindleko zotshani bephepha ziphezulu, futhi isipiliyoni sidinga ukuthuthukiswa. Kufanele kusetshenziswe amaphepha ahambisana nokudla kanye nezinamatheliso. Uma kuwuhlaka lwephepha olunephethini, imikhiqizo yokudla yeyinki nayo kufanele ihlangabezane nezidingo, ngoba zonke zidinga ukuthintana ngokuqondile nokudla, futhi izinga lokudla lomkhiqizo kufanele liqinisekiswe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele ivumelane neziphuzo eziningi emakethe. Izinti eziningi zephepha ziba i-ruan nejeli lapho zichayeka eziphuzweni ezishisayo noma eziphuzweni ezine-acidic. Lezi yizindaba okumele sizinake.
Impilo eluhlaza izala amathuba amabhizinisi aluhlaza. Ngaphandle kotshani okukhulunywe ngenhla, ngaphansi "kokuvinjelwa kwepulasitiki", abathengi abaningi namabhizinisi sebeqalile ukunaka utshani obuluhlaza, futhi ngikholelwa ukuthi kuzoba nokunye okunye. Imikhiqizo yotshani eluhlaza, evumelana nemvelo futhi eyongayo izosuka ngokuqinile ngokumelene “nomoya”.
Ingabe ama-straw awonakele ayimpendulo engcono kakhulu?
Inhloso enkulu yokuvinjelwa kwepulasitiki ngokungangabazeki ukukhuthaza eminye imikhiqizo evumelana nemvelo ngokuvimbela ngokuhlelekile kanye nokukhawulela ukukhiqizwa, ukuthengisa nokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki, ekugcineni kugqugquzelwe imodeli entsha yokugaywa kabusha, kanye nokunciphisa inani lemfucuza yepulasitiki ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu .
Ngezitsha zepulasitiki eziwohlokayo, asikho yini isidingo sokukhathazeka ngokungcola nokusetshenziswa okungalawuleki?
Cha, izinto zokusetshenziswa zamapulasitiki awonakele ziwummbila nezinye izitshalo zokudla, futhi ukusetshenziswa okungalawuleki kuzobangela ukumoshakala kokudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphepha kwezingxenye zepulasitiki eziwohlokayo akukho ngaphezu kwalokho kwepulasitiki yendabuko. Izikhwama eziningi zepulasitiki ezonakele kulula ukuphuka futhi azihlali isikhathi eside. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abanye abakhiqizi bazokwengeza izithasiselo ezahlukahlukene, futhi lezi zithasiselo zingase zibe nomthelela omusha emvelweni.
Ngemva kokuqaliswa kwezigaba zikadoti, ipulasitiki ewohlokayo iyingxenye yaluphi uhlobo lukadoti?
Emazweni aseYurophu naseMelika, ingahlukaniswa ngokuthi "imfucuza evundisiwe", noma ivunyelwe ukulahlwa kanye nemfucuza yokudla, inqobo nje uma kukhona ukuqoqwa okuhlukanisiwe kanye nokwenza umquba ngemuva. Kumihlahlandlela yokuhlukanisa ekhishwe amadolobha amaningi ezweni lami, ayisebenzi kabusha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-21-2022