Njengoba sonke sazi, iminonjana yezikhwama zepulasitiki isakazekile cishe kuwo wonke amakhona omhlaba, kusukela edolobheni lase-Noisy ezindaweni ezingenakufinyeleleka, futhi ukungcoliswa okubangelwa yizikhwama zepulasitiki zithola zimbi kakhulu. Kuthatha amakhulu eminyaka yalawa mapulasitiki anciphisa. Ukubizwa okubizwa ngokuthi yi-degnadation kumane nje esikhundleni sokuba khona kwe-microplastic encane. Ubukhulu bawo bezinhlayiyana bungafinyelela i-micron noma ngisho ne-nanometer scale, bakha ingxube yezinhlayiya zepulasitiki ezinobubi obuhlukahlukene ngezimo ezahlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile kunzima ukusho ngeso elinqunu.
Ngokwenyuka okwengeziwe kokunakwa kwabantu ekungcoleni kwepulasitiki, igama elithi "microplastic" livele nasekuqondeni kwabantu ngokwengeziwe, futhi kancane kancane badonsela ukunaka kwabo bonke abahamba ngokuphila. Ngakho-ke yini ama-microplastics? Ngokuvamile kuzwakala ukuthi ububanzi bungaphansi kwama-5 mm, ikakhulukazi kusuka ezinhlayiyeni ezincane zepulasitiki ezikhishwe ngqo emvelweni nasezingcebe zepulasitiki ezikhiqizwe ukuwohloka kwezihlakala ezinkulu zepulasitiki.
Ama-microplastics amancane ngosayizi futhi kunzima ukubona ngeso elinqunu, kepha amandla abo e-adsorption aqine kakhulu. Lapho ihlanganiswe nokungcoliswa okukhona emvelweni wasolwandle, izokwakha indawo yokungcola, futhi izontanta ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene nge-Ocean Currents, futhi yandise ubukhulu bokungcola. Ngoba ububanzi be-microplastics buncane, kungenzeka ukuthi bathathwe yizilwane olwandle, okuthinta ukukhula kwabo, ukuthuthuka kanye nokuzala, nokuphazamisa ukulinganisela kwempilo. Ukungena emzimbeni wezinto zasolwandle, bese ungena emzimbeni womuntu ngokusebenzisa iketanga lokudla, unomthelela omkhulu empilweni yabantu futhi usongela impilo yabantu.
Ngoba ama-microplastics abathwali bokungcola, ayaziwa nangokuthi "PM2.5 olwandle". Ngakho-ke, ibizwa ngokucacile ngokucacile "PM2.5 embonini yePlastics".
Ngosuku ngo-2014, ama-microplastics abhalwe njengolunye lwezinkinga eziyishumi eziphuthumayo zemvelo. Ngokwephucula ukuqwashisa kwabantu nge-Marine Protect kanye ne-Marine Environmental Health, ama-microplastics asephenduke impikiswano eshisayo ocwaningweni lwesayensi lwasolwandle.
Ama-Microplastics akhona yonke indawo kulezi zinsuku, futhi evela emikhiqizweni eminingi yasendlini esiyisebenzisayo, ama-microplastics angangena ohlelweni lwamanzi. Ingangena ohlelweni lwendawo yokujikeleza kwemvelo, faka ulwandle kusuka kumafektri noma emoyeni, noma emifuleni, noma faka umkhathi, bese ungena emhlabathini, futhi ekugcineni ungenise ohlelweni lokujikeleza komuntu, ekugcineni lulethwe ohlelweni lokujikeleza lomuntu ngumjikelezo webhayoloji. Bakuyo yonke indawo emoyeni esiphefumulayo, emanzini esiwaphuza.
Ukuzulazula kwe-microplastics kudliwa kalula yizidalwa eziphansi zokudla. Ama-microplastics awakwazi ukugaywa futhi angaba khona esiswini ngaso sonke isikhathi, ethatha isikhala futhi adale izilwane zigule noma zife; Izidalwa ezansi kweketanga lokudla zizodliwa yizilwane eziphezulu. Phezulu kwe-chain yokudla kungumuntu. Inani elikhulu lama-microplastics asemzimbeni. Ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwabantu, lezi zinhlayiya ezincane ezingenamsoco zizobangela ukulimala okungalindeleki kubantu.
Ukunciphisa imfucuza yepulasitiki nokunqamula ukusakazeka kwama-microplastics kuwumsebenzi owabiwe wesintu.
Isixazululo se-Microplastics ukunciphisa noma ukuqeda umthombo wokungcola kusuka kwimbangela yezimpande, wenqaba ukusebenzisa izikhwama zepulasitiki eziqukethe ipulasitiki, futhi ungalahli imfucuza yepulasitiki noma incidemete; Lahla imfucuza ngendlela enobunye futhi engenamqondo, noma uyingcwabe ngokujulile; Sekela "ukuvinjwa kwepulasitiki" futhi umemezele "ukuvinjelwa kwepulasitiki" kwezemfundo, ukuze abantu bakwazile ukuqaphela ama-microplastics nokunye ukuziphatha okuyingozi endaweni yemvelo, futhi baqonde ukuthi abantu bahlobene kakhulu nemvelo.
Kusukela kumuntu ngamunye, ngemizamo yomuntu ngamunye uqobo, singenza imvelo yemvelo ihlanzeke futhi inikeze uhlelo lokujikeleza kwemvelo luwukusebenza okunengqondo.
Isikhathi sePosi: Feb-25-2022