Njengoba sazi sonke, imikhondo yezikhwama zepulasitiki isisabalele cishe kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba, kusukela edolobheni elinomsindo kuya ezindaweni ezingafinyeleleki, kunezibalo ezimhlophe ezingcolile, futhi ukungcola okubangelwa izikhwama zepulasitiki kuya ngokuya kuba kubi kakhulu. Kuthatha amakhulu eminyaka ukuthi lamapulasitiki ehlise isithunzi. Okubizwa ngokuthi ukuwohloka nje ukufaka esikhundleni sokuba khona kwe-microplastic encane. Ubukhulu bayo bezinhlayiyana bungafinyelela esikalini se-micron noma ngisho ne-nanometer, kwakheka ingxube yezinhlayiya zepulasitiki ezihlukene ezinobunjwa obuhlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile kunzima ukusho ngeso lenyama.
Ngokukhula okuqhubekayo kokunaka kwabantu ekungcolisweni kwepulasitiki, igama elithi “microplastic” liphinde lavela ekuhlakanipheni kwabantu, futhi kancane kancane ladonsa ukunaka kwazo zonke izigaba zokuphila. Ngakho-ke yini i-microplastics? Ngokuvamile kunenkolelo yokuthi ububanzi bungaphansi kuka-5 mm, ikakhulukazi kusuka ezinhlayiyeni ezincane zepulasitiki ezikhishelwa ngokuqondile endaweni ezungezile kanye nezingcezu zepulasitiki ezikhiqizwa ukucekelwa phansi kwemfucumfucu emikhulu yepulasitiki.
Ama-Microplastics mancane ngosayizi futhi kunzima ukuwabona ngeso lenyama, kodwa amandla awo okukhangisa anamandla kakhulu. Uma isihlanganiswe nezinto ezingcolisa umoya ezikhona endaweni yasolwandle, izokwakha i-pollution sphere, futhi izontanta ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene ezinemisinga yolwandle, ngokuqhubekayo Nweba ububanzi bokungcoliswa kwemvelo. Ngenxa yokuthi ububanzi be-microplastics buncane, cishe kungenzeka ukuthi izilwane ezisolwandle zingenwe olwandle, zithinte ukukhula kwazo, ukukhula nokuzala kwazo, futhi kuphazamise ibhalansi yokuphila. Ukungena emzimbeni wezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle, bese ungena emzimbeni womuntu ngochungechunge lokudla, kunomthelela omkhulu empilweni yomuntu futhi kusongela impilo yomuntu.
Ngenxa yokuthi ama-microplastics athwala ukungcola, aziwa nangokuthi "PM2.5 olwandle". Ngakho-ke, ibizwa nangokuthi "PM2.5 embonini yepulasitiki".
Kusukela ngo-2014, ama-microplastics afakwe ohlwini njengenye yezinkinga eziyishumi eziphuthumayo zemvelo. Ngokuthuthukiswa kokuqwashisa kwabantu ngokuvikelwa kolwandle kanye nempilo yemvelo yasolwandle, i-microplastics isiphenduke indaba eshisayo ocwaningweni lwesayensi yasolwandle.
Ama-Microplastic akhona yonke indawo kulezi zinsuku, futhi emikhiqizweni eminingi yasendlini esiyisebenzisayo, ama-microplastics angangena ohlelweni lwamanzi. Ingangena ohlelweni lokujikeleza kwemvelo, ingene olwandle isuka emafekthri noma emoyeni, noma emifuleni, noma ingene emkhathini, lapho izinhlayiya ze-microplastic ezisemkhathini ziwela phansi ngenxa yezimo zezulu ezifana nemvula neqhwa, bese zingena emhlabathini. , noma Isistimu yomfula ingene emjikelezweni webhayoloji, futhi ekugcineni ilethwa ohlelweni lokujikeleza kwegazi ngomjikelezo webhayoloji. Bakhona yonke indawo emoyeni esiwuphefumulayo, emanzini esiwaphuzayo.
I-Wandering microplastics idliwa kalula yizidalwa ezisezingeni eliphansi zokudla. Ama-Microplastic awakwazi ukugaywa futhi angaba khona kuphela esiswini ngaso sonke isikhathi, athathe indawo futhi abangele ukuthi izilwane zigule noma zife; izilwane ezingaphansi kweketango lokudla zizodliwa izilwane ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Phezulu kochungechunge lokudla abantu. Inani elikhulu lama-microplastics asemzimbeni. Ngemva kokusetshenziswa komuntu, lezi zinhlayiya ezincane ezingagayeki zizodala umonakalo ongalindelekile kubantu.
Ukunciphisa imfucuza yepulasitiki kanye nokunqanda ukusabalala kwama-microplastic kuwumthwalo wemfanelo ohlanganyelwe wesintu ongenakugwema.
Isixazululo se-microplastics ukunciphisa noma ukuqeda umthombo wokungcola okuvela kumsuka wayo, ukwenqaba ukusebenzisa izikhwama zepulasitiki ezinepulasitiki, futhi ungalahli imfucumfucu yepulasitiki noma ushise; Lahla imfucuza ngendlela ebumbene futhi engangcolisi, noma uyigqibe ujule; ukusekela "ukuvinjelwa kwepulasitiki" futhi umemezele "ukuvinjelwa kwepulasitiki" imfundo, ukuze abantu bakwazi ukuqaphela ama-microplastics nokunye ukuziphatha okuyingozi endaweni yemvelo, futhi baqonde ukuthi abantu bahlobene eduze nemvelo.
Kusukela kumuntu ngamunye, ngemizamo yomuntu ngamunye, singenza indawo yemvelo ihlanzeke futhi sinikeze isimiso sokujikeleza kwemvelo ukusebenza okunengqondo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-25-2022