Abangani abaningi bayabuza ukuthi yini umehluko phakathi kwezikhwama zokupakisha ezonakele kanye nezikhwama zokupakisha ezingaboli ngokuphelele? Ingabe akufani nesikhwama sokupakisha esonakele? Lokho akulungile, kunomehluko phakathi kwezikhwama zokupakisha ezonakele kanye nezikhwama zokupakisha ezingaboli ngokuphelele.
Izikhwama zokupakisha eziwohlokayo, okushiwo ukuthi zingonakaliswa, kodwa izikhwama zokupakisha ezibolile zihlukaniswa zibe "ezinokonakala" kanye "nokubola ngokugcwele". Uyini umehluko? Qhubeka ufunde ulwazi oluncane olunikezwe u-Anrui.
Izikhwama zokupakisha ezonakele zibhekisela ekungezeni inani elithile lezithasiselo (njengesitashi, isitashi esishintshiwe noma enye i-cellulose, ama-photosensitizers, ama-biodegradants, njll.) Izikhwama zepulasitiki ezibolayo.
Isikhwama sokupakisha esonakaliswa ngokuphelele sisho ukuthi isikhwama sokupakisha sepulasitiki sonakala ngokuphelele sibe amanzi kanye nesikhutha. Umthombo oyinhloko wale nto ewohlokayo ngokuphelele icutshungulwa kusuka kummbila, umdumbula, njll. ibe yi-lactic acid, okuyi-PLA. I-Polylactic acid (PLA) iwuhlobo olusha lwe-substrate yebhayoloji nezinto ezivuselelekayo ezibolayo. Isitashi sezinto ezisetshenziswayo siyahlanjululwa ukuze kutholwe i-glucose, bese kubiliswa kushukela nezinhlobo ezithile ukuze kukhiqizwe i-lactic acid ene-high-purity, ebuye ihlanganiswe ngezindlela zokuhlanganisa amakhemikhali. isisindo samangqamuzana e-polylactic acid. Ine-biodegradability enhle, futhi ingacekelwa phansi ngokuphelele ama-microorganisms emvelweni ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile ngemva kokusetshenziswa, ekugcineni ikhiqize i-carbon dioxide namanzi, ngaphandle kokungcolisa indawo ezungezile, okuzuzisa kakhulu ukuvikela imvelo futhi iyinto ehambisana nemvelo kubasebenzi. Njengamanje, ukwaziswa okuyinhloko okusekelwe ku-bio yesikhwama sokupakisha esonakaliswe ngokuphelele sakhiwe i-PLA+PBAT, engachithwa ngokuphelele emanzini kanye ne-carbon dioxide ezinyangeni ezingu-3-6 ngaphansi kwesimo sokuhlanganisa (ama-60-70 degrees), ngaphandle ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.
Kungani kufanele yengezwe i-PBAT? Unjiniyela wamakhemikhali ohlola i-Anrui usize umhleli ukuthi awuhumushe. I-PBAT iyi-copolymer ye-adipic acid, i-1,4-butanediol ne-terephthalic acid. Kuyi-chemical synthesis engakwazi ukubola ngokuphelele. I-aliphatic-aromatic polymer ye-PBAT inokuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu futhi ingasetshenziselwa ukukhishwa kwefilimu, ukubumba i-blow, i-extrusion coating nezinye izinqubo zokubumba. Inhloso yokuhlanganisa i-PLA ne-PBAT ukuthuthukisa ukuqina, ukuwohloka kwemvelo kanye nokubunjwa kwe-PLA. I-PLA ne-PBAT azihambelani, ngakho ukukhetha isifanelana esifanele kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-PLA.
Bona lapha ukuze uqonde umehluko phakathi kwezikhwama zokupakisha ezonakele kanye nezikhwama ezibolekayo ngokuphelele.
Izikhwama zokupakisha eziwohlokayo, okushiwo ukuthi zingonakaliswa, kodwa izikhwama zokupakisha ezibolile zihlukaniswa zibe "ezinokonakala" kanye "nokubola ngokugcwele". Izikhwama zokupakisha ezonakele zibhekisela ekungezeni inani elithile lezithasiselo (njengesitashi, isitashi esishintshiwe noma enye i-cellulose, ama-photosensitizers, ama-biodegradants, njll.) Izikhwama zepulasitiki ezibolayo. Isikhwama sokupakisha esonakaliswa ngokuphelele sisho ukuthi isikhwama sokupakisha sepulasitiki sonakala ngokuphelele sibe amanzi kanye nesikhutha. Umthombo oyinhloko wale nto ewohlokayo ngokuphelele icutshungulwa kusuka kummbila, umdumbula, njll. ibe yi-lactic acid, okuyi-PLA.
I-Polylactic acid (PLA) iwuhlobo olusha lwe-substrate yebhayoloji nezinto ezivuselelekayo ezibolayo. Isitashi sezinto ezisetshenziswayo siyahlanjululwa ukuze kutholwe i-glucose, bese kubiliswa kushukela nezinhlobo ezithile ukuze kukhiqizwe i-lactic acid ene-high-purity, ebuye ihlanganiswe ngezindlela zokuhlanganisa amakhemikhali. isisindo samangqamuzana e-polylactic acid. Ine-biodegradability enhle, futhi ingacekelwa phansi ngokuphelele ama-microorganisms emvelweni ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile ngemva kokusetshenziswa, ekugcineni ikhiqize i-carbon dioxide namanzi, ngaphandle kokungcolisa indawo ezungezile, okuzuzisa kakhulu ukuvikela imvelo futhi iyinto ehambisana nemvelo kubasebenzi.
Njengamanje, ukwaziswa okuyinhloko okusekelwe ku-bio yesikhwama sokupakisha esonakaliswe ngokuphelele sakhiwe i-PLA+PBAT, engachithwa ngokuphelele emanzini kanye ne-carbon dioxide ezinyangeni ezingu-3-6 ngaphansi kwesimo sokuhlanganisa (ama-60-70 degrees), ngaphandle ukungcoliswa kwemvelo. Kungani kufanele yengezwe i-PBAT? Abakhiqizi bokupakisha abavumelana nezimo abachwepheshile balapha ukuze bachaze ukuthi i-PBAT iyi-copolymer ye-adipic acid, i-1,4-butanediol, ne-terephthalic acid, okungamafutha ahlanganiswe ngamakhemikhali angabola ngokuphelele. I-polymer enephunga elimnandi, i-PBAT inokuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu futhi ingasetshenziselwa ukukhishwa kwefilimu, ukubunjwa kokushaywa, ukumbozwa kwe-extrusion nezinye izinqubo zokubumba. Inhloso yokuhlanganisa i-PLA ne-PBAT ukuthuthukisa ukuqina, ukuwohloka kwemvelo kanye nokubunjwa kwe-PLA. I-PLA ne-PBAT azihambelani, ngakho ukukhetha isifanelana esifanele kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-PLA.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-28-2022