Abangani abaningi babuza ukuthi yini umehluko phakathi kwezikhwama zokufaka ezingokoqobo ezingokoqobo nezikhwama zokufaka eziwohlokayo ngokuphelele? Akufani yini nesikhwama sokufaka esibonakalayo? Lokho akulungile, kunomehluko phakathi kwezikhwama zokupakisha ezingonakalayo nezikhwama zokufaka eziwohlokayo ngokuphelele.
Izikhwama zokupakisha ezingenazinkinga, okushiwo ukuthi zingadonswa, kepha izikhwama zokupakisha ezingcolile zihlukaniswe "zincipheni" futhi "zinokonakala ngokuphelele". Uyini umehluko? Qhubeka nokufunda ulwazi oluncane olunikezwe yi-Anrui.
Izikhwama zokupakisha ezingcolile zibhekisele ekwengeza inani elithile lezengezo (njenge-starch, isitashi esiguquliwe noma enye i-cellulose, photosensizers, ama-bioderradants, njll) izikhwama zepulasitiki ezicekayo.
Isikhwama sokufaka esingokonakala ngokuphelele sisho ukuthi isikhwama sokupakisha sepulasitiki sonakaliswa ngokuphelele emanzini kanye nekhabhoni diokdijini. Umthombo oyinhloko walesi sicelo esingokonakalayo ucubungulwa kusuka kuMorn, Cassava, njll. E-Lactic Acid, okuyi-PLA. I-Polylactic acid (PLA) uhlobo olusha lwe-biological substrate kanye nezinto ezivuselelekayo ze-bioderhradable. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zesitashi zimenyazwa ukuzothola ushukela, bese zivutha kusuka ku-glucose nakwezinye izinhlobo zokukhiqiza izinsimbi zokuhlanza okuphezulu, okube sekuhlanganiswe ngezindlela zokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali. I-Molecular Weight Polylactic acid. Ine-biodegrade enhle, futhi ingadilizwa ngokuphelele ama-microorganisms e-Imvelo ngaphansi kwemibandela ethile ngemuva kokusebenzisa, ekugcineni akhiqize imvelo, okuzuzisa kakhulu ukuvikela imvelo futhi kuyinto enobungane bemvelo yabasebenzi. Njengamanje, impahla esekelwe enkulu ye-bio yesikhwama esingonakalisiwe ngokugcwele yakhiwa nge-PLA + Pbat, engabola ngokuphelele ibe ngamanzi kanye ne-dio dioxide ezinyangeni ezi-3-6 ngaphansi kwesimo sokuhlanganisa (60-70 degrees), ngaphandle kokungcoliswa kwemvelo.
Kungani kufanele i-pbat ingezwe? Unjiniyela wamakhemikhali wokuhlola i-Anrui wasiza umhleli ukuwuhumusha. I-Pbat iyi-copolymer ye-adipic acid, 1,4-butanediol ne-terephthalic acid. Kuyinto ukuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali okungahle kube nge-biodegraded. I-aliphatic-aromatic polymer ye-Pbat inokuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu futhi ingasetshenziselwa ukukhishwa kwamafilimu, ukushaya ngamandla, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-extrusion kanye nezinye izinqubo zokubumba. Inhloso yokuhlanganisa i-Pla ne-Pbat ukuthuthukisa ubunzima, i-biodegradation kanye nokubumba ukuqina kwe-PLA. I-PLA ne-Pbat ayihambelani, ngakho-ke ukukhetha i-compatilizer efanelekile kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-PLA.
Bheka lapha ukuze uqonde umehluko phakathi kwezikhwama zokupakisha ezingokoqobo nezikhwama zokufaka eziwohlokayo ngokuphelele.
Izikhwama zokupakisha ezingenazinkinga, okushiwo ukuthi zingadonswa, kepha izikhwama zokupakisha ezingcolile zihlukaniswe "zincipheni" futhi "zinokonakala ngokuphelele". Izikhwama zokupakisha ezingcolile zibhekisele ekwengeza inani elithile lezengezo (njenge-starch, isitashi esiguquliwe noma enye i-cellulose, photosensizers, ama-bioderradants, njll) izikhwama zepulasitiki ezicekayo. Isikhwama sokufaka esingokonakala ngokuphelele sisho ukuthi isikhwama sokupakisha sepulasitiki sonakaliswa ngokuphelele emanzini kanye nekhabhoni diokdijini. Umthombo oyinhloko walesi sicelo esingokonakalayo ucubungulwa kusuka kuMorn, Cassava, njll. E-Lactic Acid, okuyi-PLA.
I-Polylactic acid (PLA) uhlobo olusha lwe-biological substrate kanye nezinto ezivuselelekayo ze-bioderhradable. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zesitashi zimenyazwa ukuzothola ushukela, bese zivutha kusuka ku-glucose nakwezinye izinhlobo zokukhiqiza izinsimbi zokuhlanza okuphezulu, okube sekuhlanganiswe ngezindlela zokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali. I-Molecular Weight Polylactic acid. Ine-biodegrade enhle, futhi ingadilizwa ngokuphelele ama-microorganisms e-Imvelo ngaphansi kwemibandela ethile ngemuva kokusebenzisa, ekugcineni akhiqize imvelo, okuzuzisa kakhulu ukuvikela imvelo futhi kuyinto enobungane bemvelo yabasebenzi.
Njengamanje, impahla esekelwe enkulu ye-bio yesikhwama esingonakalisiwe ngokugcwele yakhiwa nge-PLA + Pbat, engabola ngokuphelele ibe ngamanzi kanye ne-dio dioxide ezinyangeni ezi-3-6 ngaphansi kwesimo sokuhlanganisa (60-70 degrees), ngaphandle kokungcoliswa kwemvelo. Kungani kufanele i-pbat ingezwe? Abakhiqizi abasebenza ngokuguquguquka okuguquguqukayo balapha ukuchaza ukuthi i-Pbat iyi-copolymer ye-adipic acid, 1,4-butanediol, kanye ne-terephthalic acid, okungamafutha ahlanganisiwe ngamakhemikhali angaba yi-biodegradable ephelele. I-aromatic-aromatic polymer, i-pbat inokuguquguquka okuhle kakhulu futhi ingasetshenziselwa ukukhishwa kwefilimu, ukushaya okubumba, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-extrusion kanye nezinye izinqubo zokubumba. Inhloso yokuhlanganisa i-Pla ne-Pbat ukuthuthukisa ubunzima, i-biodegradation kanye nokubumba ukuqina kwe-PLA. I-PLA ne-Pbat ayihambelani, ngakho-ke ukukhetha i-compatilizer efanelekile kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-PLA.
Isikhathi sePosi: Feb-28-2022